?§????????

???????????????÷·??ó???í

?§?????????¨?????ò??????????°?????·????????????????è????????????????NPN??PNP?????á??????????????×??à?????èNPN??PNP???????????????????????????????????????¤×÷???í?????à?????????????é??NPN?è???????÷·??ó???í??

??1???§?????????¨NPN?????á??

??????NPN?????á???????ü????2?éN??°???????????×????éP??°??????ù×é????????????·????????ù????????????PN?á????·????á,???????????ù????????PN?á?????????á,????????·?±?????·?????e???ù??b?????????? ?±b??????????e????????????·ü?±??·????á????????×???????C??????????b????????·ü?±???????á????·???×???????????????Ec???????ù??????Ebo?? ?????ì???????±????????????·????????à?????÷×??¨???ó???ù?????????±?ù??×?????±????????????????????????????????ù?????????¨?????ó??????·????á???·??·????????à?????÷×??¨??×??????ù?????à?????÷×??¨???¨???????×????????·????á?????à?ò·?·??÷?????????ò?°?????¨???ù?ó???ó?????ù???¨??·????á?????÷?ù±???????×??÷????????×??÷????·????????÷Ie?? ?????ù????±?,?????????á??·?????×????ù??????×??ó??·??????????á?????????????????????????÷Ic?????????????¨1-10%??????×????ù???????¨??????????±??????????ù?????¨???ù??????Eb?????????????????????????ù?????÷Ibo?ù?????÷?????????í???? Ie=Ib+Ic ?????????????ù????????????????Ib?????????????????????????????ó??Ic?????????ù?????÷·??ó×÷????Ic??Ib?????????¨??±????????????? ??1=Ic/Ib ????????--?????±?÷·??ó±????? ?????????÷??±??????÷Ic???ù?????÷??±??????÷Ib??±????? ??= ?÷Ic/?÷Ib ??????--???????÷???÷·??ó±??????????????±??1???????????à?????ó???ù?????±????·?±???????????????×÷??????·???????????????????°??à?? ???????????????÷·??ó?÷?????????????????????????????????????÷·??ó×÷?????¨????×è×?±???????·??ó×÷????

?????????????????ú??

1?????????? ??2 ?¨b)???????????????????ú?????ü±í??Ib??Ube??±???????????????????1???±Uce??0-2·ü·??§?????ú??????????×???Uce ?????????±Uce????2·ü?ó???ú??Uce?ù±??????¨?????????????????ú???¨?????ò??±í???????? 2???±Ube??UbeR?±??Ib??O???¨0??UbeR)?????????°?????±?±Ube??UbeR?±??Ib??Ube????????????·??ó?±?????????¤×÷?????±?????????? 3??????????????×è???¨????: rbe=(?÷Ube/?÷Ib)Q?????????????????? rbe=rb+(??+1)(26??·ü/Ie??·ü?? rb???????????ù????×è??????????????????rb????300?·?? 2?????????? ????????±í??Ic??Uce??±????????¨??Ib????????????2?¨C???ù???????????????????ü·??????????ò??????????·??ó????±??????? ?????? ?±Ube??0?±???òIb??0??·???????????×?×????ù??????????·?×????????????????????????????÷?¨??????Ic=Iceo???????????÷???????±Iceo????????°????à????????????°?????°???°????ü????????·??ò???÷Icbo?????????? Icbo=(1+??)Icbo ?????±?è????Icbo????1??°????à????Icbo????10??°????????à??????????????12????Icbo??????????±??????????è????????????8????Icbo???????ó??±????????è????Icbo??????±????ü?????????????à????Icbo??±??í±??è???ó???ù???à?????????????°?ì????????????·??ó?????±?§????????·????á???????????????á??·????¤×÷?±??Ic??Ib?ü??×÷????±?????·??ó???????????¤×÷??·??ó×????????ò?? ±????? ?±·????á???????á?ù????????×????±??Ic?ù±???????Ib??±??????§????·??ó???????ù????????·????á???????á?????é??????????±????¤×÷×?????

??2????????????????????????????

????????±??????????????¤×÷??????×????????ò?????????????¨?±???¤×÷??????±??????????????????±???¤×÷??????????????

?????????????÷??????

1???±?÷???? ?¨1???????????ù??·??ò±??????÷Icbo??·????????·?¨Ie=0)?±???ù?????????????????????¨??·??ò????Vcb?±????????·??ò???÷???ü???????????????????¨?????????????????ù???????????????ù????·??ò±??????÷????????????????Icbo?????????????à????Icbo????1??10??°????ó?????à????Icbo????????°??????è????Icbo?ò·?????????????°????? ?¨2??????????·?????·??ò???÷Iceo(???????÷???ù?????·?¨Ib=0???±??????????·????????????????¨·??ò????Vce?±???????????÷??Iceo?ó????Icbo????±???Iceo=(1+??)Icbo o Icbo??Iceo???????°?ì???ó???ü??????????×??????¨?????????????????????????????????¨?????????à????Iceo±??è???ó?? ?¨3??·?????---?ù??·??ò???÷Iebo ?????????·?±????·????????ù?????????????¨??·??ò?????±·??????????÷???ü????????·????á??·??ò±??????÷?? ?¨4???±?÷???÷·??ó??????1?¨?òhEF?? ????????·?????·¨?????????÷?????????±???????????????±?÷???÷???ù?????????±?÷???÷??±????????? ??1=Ic/Ib 2?????÷???? ?¨1?????÷???÷·??ó???????¨?òhfe?? ????????·???????·¨???????????????÷??±??????÷Ic???ù?????????÷??±??????÷Ib??±??????? ??= ?÷Ic/?÷Ib ??°??§?????????ó????10-200?????????????????????÷·??ó×÷???????????????ó?????÷·??ó×÷???????ó?????????ù?ù?????¨?? ?¨2?????ù?????÷·??ó???????¨?òhfb?? ?????????ù??·¨?±???????????????÷??±??????÷Ic??·????????÷??±??????÷Ie??±??????? ??=?÷Ic/?÷Ie ?ò???÷Ic???÷Ie????????1??????????????????0.90?????????? ?????????????????? ??= ??/?¨1+???? ??= ??/?¨1-??????1/?¨1-???? ?¨3??????????f????f?? ?±?????????????±0.707±???????????????·???????????????f?????±?????????????±??0.707±????????????????ù????????????f??o f????f????±í?÷??×??????????????????????ü???????????????? f?????¨1-????f?? ?¨4?????÷????fT?ò??????f?????±?????????????±????????1?±????????fT????????·????§??????????·??ó???????????????? 3?????????? ?¨1????????×??ó???í???÷ICM ?±?????????÷Ic?????????????????????????????????¨????2/3?ò1/2?????±??Ic??????ICM???ù???±Ic????ICM?±??????????????×????????????????????????°?ì·??ó?????? ?¨2????????----?ù???÷??????BVCBO ?±·????????·?±???????á??·??ò?÷??????????BVEBO?? ?¨3??·?????-----?ù??·??ò?÷??????BVEBO ?±?????????·?±??·????á??·??ò?÷??????????BVEBO?? ?¨4????????-----·??????÷??????BVCEO ?±?ù?????·?±??????????????·???????????×??ó???í???????????±????Vce??BVceo????×????á±??÷???? ?¨5????????×??ó???í????????PCM ?????÷??Ic????????????????×??ò????????????????±????????????í???±??×??ó??????????????????PCM????×????????????????????????±?÷?????????÷??????????Pc=Uce??Ic.?????±?ì??Pc??PCM?? PCM?????????????????????????????á??PCM??